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Preface

Related Documentation

Documentation Accessibility

What's New in Oracle Net Services?

Oracle Database 10g 10g Release 1 (10.1) New Features in Oracle Net Services

Oracle9i Release 2 (9.2) New Features in Oracle Net Services

Oracle9i Release 1 (9.0.1) New Features in Oracle Net Services

Oracle8i New Features in Oracle Net Services

Part I Getting Started with Oracle Net Services

1 Networking Challenges in the Internet Age

What Is the Big Picture for Networking?

Oracle's Solution to Networking Issues

Client/Server Application Connections

Web Client Application Connections

Web Client Connections Without an Application Web Server

Location Transparency

Centralized Configuration and Management

Quick Installation and Configuration

Internet and Intranet Scalability

Connection Pooling

Performance Between the Middle Tier and Oracle Database

Network Security

Firewall Access Control

Protocol Access Control

A Suite of Networking Components

Oracle Net Foundation Layer

Oracle Protocol Support

Oracle Net Listener

Oracle Connection Manager

Networking Tools

Oracle Advanced Security

2 Connectivity Concepts

Database Service and Database Instance Identification

Database Services

Database Instances

Service Accessibility

Enhanced Service Accessibility with Multiple Listeners

Connect-Time Failover

Transparent Application Failover

Client Load Balancing

Connection Load Balancing

Service Handlers

Dedicated Server Processes

3 Configuration Management Concepts

Configuration Models

Localized Configuration File Support

Directory Server Support

Directory Naming Overview

Naming Configuration Storage in a Directory Server

Net Service Alias Entries

Directory Entries

Adding or Modifying Entries in the Directory Server

Client Connections Using Directory Naming

Using the Entry's Relative Name

Using the Entry's Absolute Name

Oracle Net Configuration and Directory Server Design

Limitations of Directory Naming Support with Microsoft Active Directory

4 Architecture of Oracle Net Services

Oracle Net Stack Communication Architecture

Stack Communication for Client/Server Application Connections

Stack Communication for Java Application Connections

Stack Communication for Web Client Connections

Listener Architecture

Database Server Process Architecture

Shared Server Processes

Dedicated Server Processes

Oracle Connection Manager Architecture

A Complete Architecture

5 Configuration and Administration Tools Overview

User Interface Tools

Oracle Enterprise Manager

Oracle Net Manager

Selecting When to Use Oracle Enterprise Manager and Oracle Net Manager

Oracle Net Configuration Assistant

Oracle Net Control Utilities

Listener Control Utility

Oracle Connection Manager Control Utility

Duties of a Network Administrator

6 Quick Start to Oracle Net Connections

Prerequisites to Establishing Connectivity

Task 1: Confirm Network Availability

Task 2: Start the Listener and the Database Server

Task 3: Configure the Client for Connection to a Database

Task 4: Connect to the Database

Part II Configuration and Administration of Oracle Net Services

7 Planning the Network

Deploying a Network Inside an Organization

Connection Pooling

Session Multiplexing

Connect-Time Failover

Client Load Balancing

Tuning and Performance

Listener Queue Size

Session Data Unit (SDU) Size

Protocol Conversion

Deploying a Network for the Internet

Listener and Database Server Connection Limits

Tuning and Performance

Naming Considerations

Performance Considerations

Listener Queue Size

Session Data Unit Size for Data Transfer Optimization

Persistent Buffer Flushing for TCP/IP

Planning Summary

8 Configuring Naming Methods

Naming Method Configuration Overview

About Connect Descriptors

Configuring the Local Naming Method

Configuring the tnsnames.ora File During Installation

Administrator or Runtime Installation

Custom Installation

Configuring the tnsnames.ora File After Installation

Task 1: Configure Net Service Names

Task 2: Configure TNSNAMES as the First Naming Method

Task 3: Distribute Configuration

Task 4: Configure the Listener

Task 5: Connect to the Database

Configuring the Directory Naming Method

Directory Naming Method Configuration Steps

Task 1: Verify Directory Version Compatibility

Task 2: Create or Modify Net Entries

Task 3: Configure LDAP as the First Naming Method for Client Lookups

Task 4: Configure the Listener

Task 5: Connect to the Database

Administering the OracleNetAdmins Group

Exporting Local Naming Entries to a Directory Naming Server

Exporting Net Service Names from a tnsnames.ora File

Creating Multiple Default Contexts in a Directory Naming Server

Exporting Directory Naming Entries to a tnsnames.ora File

Using the Easy Connect Naming Method

Configuring External Naming Methods

Network Information Service (NIS)

Task 1: Configure NIS Servers to Support the NIS External Naming

Task 2: Configure Clients

Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) Cell Directory Service (CDS)

9 Configuring Profiles

Profile Configuration Overview

Profile Configuration During Installation

Configuring Client Attributes for Names Resolution

Configuring a Default Domain for Clients

Prioritizing Naming Methods

Routing Connection Requests

Configuring Database Access Control

Configuring Advanced Profile Information

Configuring External Naming Methods

Configuring Oracle Advanced Security

10 Configuring and Administering the Listener

Listener Configuration Overview

Listener Configuration During Installation

Customizing Listener Configuration

Configuring Listening Protocol Addresses

Configuring Access to Oracle JServer

Handling Large Volumes of Concurrent Connection Requests

Configuring Static Service Information

Configuring Password Authentication for the Listener

Configuring Service Registration

Configuring Service Registration

Registering Information with the Default, Local Listener

Registering Information with a Nondefault Listener

Registering Information with a Remote Listener

Configuring a Naming Method

Listener Administration

Starting and Stopping a Listener

Determining the Current Status of a Listener

Monitoring Services of a Listener

Monitoring Listener Log Files

11 Configuring and Administering Oracle Connection Manager

Oracle Connection Manager Configuration Overview

Configuring Oracle Connection Manager

Configuring the Oracle Connection Manager Computer

Listening Endpoint (ADDRESS)

Access Control Rule List (RULE_LIST)

Parameter List (PARAMETER_LIST)

Configuring Clients for Oracle Connection Manager

Configuring the Oracle Database Server for Oracle Connection Manager

Service Registration Configuration

Session Multiplexing Configuration

Enabling Oracle Connection Manager Features

Enabling Session Multiplexing

Enabling Access Control

Migrating cman.ora from Oracle9i to Oracle Database 10g

12 Configuring Dispatchers

Configuring Dispatchers

Enabling Connection Pooling

Enabling Session Multiplexing

Grouping Services by Dispatcher

Configuring Clients for Environments Using Both Dedicated Server and Shared Server

13 Enabling Advanced Features of Oracle Net Services

Configuring Advanced Network Address and Connect Data Information

Creating a List of Listener Protocol Addresses

Oracle Enterprise Manager

Oracle Net Manager

Configuring Address List Parameters

Configuring Advanced Connect Data Parameters

Oracle Enterprise Manager

Oracle Net Manager

Configuring Connection Load Balancing

Example: Connection Load Balancing for Shared Server Configuration

Example: Connection Load Balancing for Dedicated Server Configuration

Configuring Transparent Application Failover

What TAF Restores

Client-Server Database Connections

Users' Database Sessions

Executed Commands

Open Cursors Used for Fetching

Active Transactions

Serverside Program Variables

TAF Database Configurations

FAILOVER_MODE Parameters

TAF Implementation

Example: TAF with Connect-Time Failover and Client Load Balancing

Example: TAF Retrying a Connection

Example: TAF Pre-Establishing a Connection

TAF Verification

Specifying the Instance Role for Primary and Secondary Instance Configurations

Configuring Connections to Non-Oracle Database Services

Configuring Oracle Net Services for External Procedures

Default Configuration for External Procedures

Modifying Configuration of External Procedures for Higher Security

Configuring Oracle Net Services for Oracle Heterogeneous Services

Configuring Oracle Net Services for an Oracle Rdb Database

14 Optimizing Performance

Configuring Session Data Unit

Configuring I/O Buffer Space

Configuring SDP Protocol Support for Infiniband Network Communication to the Database Server

Configuring the Listener and the Oracle Database To Limit Resource Consumption By Unauthorized Users

Part III Testing and Troubleshooting Oracle Net Services

15 Establishing a Connection and Testing the Network

Connecting to a Database

Starting Oracle Net Services Components

Task 1: Start the Listener

Task 2: Start the Database

Task 3: Start Oracle Connection Manager

Entering a Connect String

Connect Identifier and Connect Descriptor Syntax Characteristics

Absolute Name Specification for Directory Naming

Initiating Connections

Connecting from the Operating System to Test a Client

Connecting from the Tool Logon Screen to Test a Client

Connecting from 3GL to Test a Client

Connecting Using Special Commands Within Tools

Testing the Network

Testing a Listener

Testing Oracle Connection Manager

Testing Configuration on the Database Server

Testing Network Connectivity from the Client

TNSPING Utility

TRCROUTE Utility

Oracle Net Manager

16 Troubleshooting Oracle Net Services

Diagnosing Net8 Services

Server Diagnostics

Task 1: Verify the Database Is Running

Task 2: Perform a Loopback Test

Client Diagnostics

Resolving the Most Common Error Messages for Oracle Net Services

Troubleshooting Directory Naming Errors

Troubleshooting Tips from the Field for Oracle Net Services

Questions to Ask When Troubleshooting Oracle Net Services

Troubleshooting Network Problems Using Log and Trace Files

Logging Error Information for Oracle Net Services

Oracle Net Error Stacks

Example: Error Stack

Oracle Net Services Log File Names

Setting Logging Parameters

sqlnet.ora Log Parameters

listener.ora Log Parameters

cman.ora Log Parameters

Setting Logging Parameters in Configuration Files

Setting Logging Settings During Runtime of Control Utilities

Using Log Files

Analyzing Listener Log Files

Listener Log Audit Trail Information

Listener Service Registration Event Information

Listener Direct Hand-Off Information

Analyzing Oracle Connection Manager Logs

CMADMIN Log File Example

Gateway Log File Example

Tracing Error Information for Oracle Net Services

Oracle Net Services Trace File Names

Setting Tracing Parameters

sqlnet.ora Trace Parameters

listener.ora Trace Parameters

cman.ora Trace Parameters

Setting Tracing Parameters in Configuration Files

Setting Tracing Settings During Runtime of Control Utilities

Evaluating Oracle Net Services Traces

Flow of Data Packets Between Network Nodes

Oracle Net Data Packet Formats

Pertinent Oracle Net Trace Error Output

Using the Trace Assistant to Examine Trace Files

Trace Assistant Syntax

Packet Examples

Two-Task Common Packet Examples

Connection Example

Statistics Example

Contacting Oracle Support Services

Glossary

Index