| Pro*FORTRAN Supplement to the Oracle Precompilers Guide Release 1.8 Part Number A42523-1 |
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| Pro*FORTRAN Supplement to the Oracle Precompilers Guide Release 1.8 Part Number A42523-1 |
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View PDF |
This chapter provides several embedded SQL programs to guide you in writing your own. These programs illustrate the key concepts and features of Pro*FORTRAN programming and demonstrate techniques that let you take full advantage of SQL's power and flexibility.
Each sample program in this chapter is available online. Table 3 - 1 shows the usual filenames of the sample programs. However, the exact filenames are system-dependent. For specific filenames, see your Oracle system-specific documentation.
| Filename | Demonstrates... |
|---|---|
| SAMPLE1.PFO | a simple query |
| SAMPLE2.PFO | cursor operations |
| SAMPLE3.PFO | array fetches |
| SAMPLE4.PFO | datatype equivalencing |
| SAMPLE5.PFO | an Oracle Forms user exit |
| SAMPLE6.PFO | dynamic SQL Method 1 |
| SAMPLE7.PFO | dynamic SQL Method 2 |
| SAMPLE8.PFO | dynamic SQL Method 3 |
| SAMPLE9.PFO | calling a stored procedure |
This program connects to Oracle, prompts the user for an employee number, queries the database for the employee's name, salary, and commission, then displays the result. The program ends when the user enters a zero employee number.
PROGRAM QUERY
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
CHARACTER*10 UID
CHARACTER*10 PWD
INTEGER EMPNO
CHARACTER*10 ENAME
REAL SAL
REAL COMM
INTEGER*2 ICOMM
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION
INTEGER TOTAL
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO CALL SQLERR
* LOG ON TO ORACLE.
UID = 'SCOTT'
PWD = 'TIGER'
EXEC SQL CONNECT :UID IDENTIFIED BY :PWD
PRINT *, 'CONNECTED TO ORACLE AS USER: ', UID
* QUERY LOOP REPEATS UNTIL THE USER ENTERS A 0
TOTAL = 0
2000 CONTINUE
PRINT *, '\NENTER EMPLOYEE NUMBER (0 TO QUIT): '
READ '(I10)', EMPNO
IF (EMPNO .EQ. 0) CALL SIGNOFF (TOTAL)
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO 7000
EXEC SQL SELECT ENAME, SAL, COMM
1 INTO :ENAME, :SAL, :COMM:ICOMM
2 FROM EMP
3 WHERE EMPNO = :EMPNO
PRINT *, 'EMPLOYEE SALARY COMMISSION\N',
+'---------- ------- ----------'
IF (ICOMM .EQ. -1) THEN
PRINT '(A10, 2X, F7.2, A12)', ENAME, SAL, ' NULL'
ELSE
PRINT '(A10, 2X, F7.2, 5X, F7.2)', ENAME, SAL, COMM
END IF
TOTAL = TOTAL + 1
GOTO 2000
7000 CONTINUE
PRINT *, 'NOT A VALID EMPLOYEE NUMBER - TRY AGAIN.'
GOTO 2000
END
SUBROUTINE SIGNOFF (NUMQ)
INTEGER NUMQ
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
PRINT *, 'TOTAL NUMBER QUERIED WAS: ', NUMQ
PRINT *, 'HAVE A GOOD DAY.'
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
SUBROUTINE SQLERR
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
PRINT *, 'ORACLE ERROR DETECTED:'
PRINT '(70A1)', SQLEMC
EXEC SQL ROLLBACK WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
This program connects to Oracle, declares and opens a cursor, fetches the names, salaries, and commissions of all salespeople, displays the results, then closes the cursor.
PROGRAM CURSOR
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
CHARACTER*10 UID
CHARACTER*10 PWD
CHARACTER*10 ENAME
REAL SAL
REAL COMM
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO CALL SQLERR
* LOG ON TO ORACLE.
UID = 'SCOTT'
PWD = 'TIGER'
EXEC SQL CONNECT :UID IDENTIFIED BY :PWD
PRINT *, 'CONNECTED TO ORACLE AS USER:', UID
* DECLARE THE CURSOR.
EXEC SQL DECLARE SALESPEOPLE CURSOR FOR
1 SELECT ENAME, SAL, COMM
2 FROM EMP
3 WHERE JOB LIKE 'SALES%'
EXEC SQL OPEN SALESPEOPLE
PRINT *, 'SALESPERSON SALARY COMMISSION\N',
+'----------- ------- ----------'
* LOOP, FETCHING ALL SALESPERSON'S STATISTICS
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND DO CALL SIGNOFF
3000 EXEC SQL FETCH SALESPEOPLE INTO :ENAME, :SAL, :COMM
PRINT '(1X, A10, 3X, F7.2, 5X, F7.2)', ENAME, SAL, COMM
GOTO 3000
END
SUBROUTINE SIGNOFF
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL CLOSE SALESPEOPLE
PRINT *, 'HAVE A GOOD DAY.'
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
SUBROUTINE SQLERR
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
PRINT *, 'ORACLE ERROR DETECTED:'
PRINT '(70A1)', SQLEMC
EXEC SQL ROLLBACK WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
This program logs on to Oracle, declares and opens a cursor, fetches in batches using arrays, and prints the results using the subroutine PRTRES.
PROGRAM ARRAYS
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
CHARACTER*10 UID
CHARACTER*10 PWD
CHARACTER*10 ENAME(5)
INTEGER EMPNO(5)
REAL SAL(5)
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION
* NUMBER OF ROWS RETURNED, AND NUMBER TO PRINT
INTEGER NUMRET
INTEGER NUMP
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO CALL SQLERR
* LOG ON TO ORACLE.
UID = 'SCOTT'
PWD = 'TIGER'
EXEC SQL CONNECT :UID IDENTIFIED BY :PWD
PRINT *, 'CONNECTED TO ORACLE AS USER: ', UID
* DECLARE THE CURSOR, THEN OPEN IT.
EXEC SQL DECLARE C1 CURSOR FOR
1 SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, SAL
2 FROM EMP
EXEC SQL OPEN C1
NUMRET = 0
* LOOP, FETCHING AND PRINTING BATCHES,
* UNTIL NOT FOUND BECOMES TRUE.
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO 3000
2000 EXEC SQL FETCH C1 INTO :EMPNO, :ENAME, :SAL
NUMP = SQLERD(3) - NUMRET
CALL PRTRES (NUMP, EMPNO, ENAME, SAL)
NUMRET = SQLERD(3)
GOTO 2000
* PRINT FINAL SET OF ROWS, IF ANY.
3000 NUMP = SQLERD(3) - NUMRET
IF (NUMP .GT. 0) CALL PRTRES (NUMP, EMPNO, ENAME, SAL)
CALL SIGNOFF
END
SUBROUTINE PRTRES (NUMP, EMPNO, ENAME, SAL)
INTEGER NUMP
INTEGER EMPNO(NUMP)
CHARACTER*10 ENAME(NUMP)
REAL SAL(NUMP)
* PRINT HEADER.
PRINT *, 'EMPLOYEE NUMBER EMPLOYEE NAME SALARY\N',
+'--------------- ------------- -------'
* PRINT BATCH OF ROWS.
DO 7000 I = 1, NUMP
PRINT '(1X, I4, 13X, A10, 5X, F7.2)',
+ EMPNO(I), ENAME(I), SAL(I)
7000 CONTINUE
RETURN
END
SUBROUTINE SIGNOFF
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL CLOSE C1
PRINT *, 'HAVE A GOOD DAY.'
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
SUBROUTINE SQLERR
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
PRINT *, 'ORACLE ERROR DETECTED:'
PRINT '(70A1)', SQLEMC
EXEC SQL ROLLBACK WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
After connecting to Oracle, this program creates a database table named IMAGE in the SCOTT account, then simulates the insertion of bitmap images of employee numbers into the table. Datatype equivalencing lets the program use the Oracle external datatype LONG RAW to represent the images. Later, when the user enters an employee number, the number's "bitmap" is selected from the IMAGE table and pseudo-displayed on the terminal screen.
PROGRAM DTYEQV
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
CHARACTER*10 UID
CHARACTER*10 PWD
INTEGER EMPNO
CHARACTER*10 ENAME
REAL SAL
REAL COMM
CHARACTER*8192 BUFFER
EXEC SQL VAR BUFFER IS LONG RAW
INTEGER SELECTION
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION
CHARACTER*10 REPLY
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO CALL SQLERR
* LOG ON TO ORACLE.
UID = 'SCOTT'
PWD = 'TIGER'
EXEC SQL CONNECT :UID IDENTIFIED BY :PWD
PRINT *, 'CONNECTED TO ORACLE AS USER: ', UID
PRINT *, 'PROGRAM IS ABOUT TO DROP THE IMAGE ',
+'TABLE - OK [Y/N]? '
READ '(A10)', REPLY
IF ((REPLY(1:1) .NE. 'Y') .AND. (REPLY(1:1) .NE. 'Y'))
1 CALL SIGNOFF
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
EXEC SQL DROP TABLE IMAGE
IF (SQLCDE .EQ. 0) THEN
PRINT *, 'TABLE IMAGE HAS BEEN DROPPED - ',
+ 'CREATING NEW TABLE.'
ELSE IF (SQLCDE .EQ. -942) THEN
PRINT *, 'TABLE IMAGE DOES NOT EXIST - ',
+ 'CREATING NEW TABLE.'
ELSE
CALL SQLERR
END IF
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO CALL SQLERR
EXEC SQL CREATE TABLE IMAGE
1 (EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL, BITMAP LONG RAW)
EXEC SQL DECLARE EMPCUR CURSOR FOR
1 SELECT EMPNO, ENAME FROM EMP
EXEC SQL OPEN EMPCUR
PRINT *, 'INSERTING BITMAPS INTO IMAGE FOR ALL EMPLOYEES...'
7000 CONTINUE
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO 10000
EXEC SQL FETCH EMPCUR INTO :EMPNO, :ENAME
CALL GETIMG (EMPNO, BUFFER)
EXEC SQL INSERT INTO IMAGE VALUES (:EMPNO, :BUFFER)
PRINT *, 'EMPLOYEE ', ENAME, '.......... IS DONE!'
GOTO 7000
10000 EXEC SQL CLOSE EMPCUR
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK
PRINT *, 'DONE INSERTING BITMAPS. NEXT, LETS DISPLAY SOME.'
* BEGINNING OF DISPLAY LOOP
12000 SELECTION = 0
PRINT *, '\NENTER EMPLOYEE NUMBER (0 TO QUIT):'
READ '(I10)', SELECTION
IF (SELECTION .EQ. 0) CALL SIGNOFF
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO 16000
EXEC SQL SELECT EMP.EMPNO, ENAME, SAL, NVL(COMM,0), BITMAP
1 INTO :EMPNO, :ENAME, :SAL, :COMM, :BUFFER
2 FROM EMP, IMAGE
3 WHERE EMP.EMPNO = :SELECTION
4 AND EMP.EMPNO = IMAGE.EMPNO
CALL SHWIMG (BUFFER)
PRINT *, '\NEMPLOYEE ', ENAME, ' HAS SALARY ', SAL,
+ ' AND COMMISSION ', COMM
GOTO 12000
16000 PRINT *, 'NOT A VALID EMPLOYEE NUMBER - TRY AGAIN.'
GOTO 12000
END
SUBROUTINE GETIMG (ENUM, BUF)
INTEGER ENUM
CHARACTER*8192 BUF
INTEGER I
DO 18000 I = 1, 8192
BUF(I:I) = '*'
18000 CONTINUE
END
SUBROUTINE SHWIMG (BUF)
CHARACTER*8192 BUF
INTEGER I
PRINT *, ' ***************************'
DO 22000 I = 1, 9
PRINT *, ' ***************************'
22000 CONTINUE
END
SUBROUTINE SIGNOFF
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
PRINT *, 'HAVE A GOOD DAY.'
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
SUBROUTINE SQLERR
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
PRINT *, 'ORACLE ERROR DETECTED:'
PRINT '(70A1)', SQLEMC
EXEC SQL ROLLBACK WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
This user exit concatenates form fields. To call the user exit from a Oracle Forms trigger, use the syntax
<user_exit>('CONCAT <field1>, <field2>, ..., <result_field>');
where user_exit is a packaged procedure supplied with Oracle Forms and CONCAT is the name of the user exit. A sample CONCAT form invokes the user exit. For more information about Oracle Forms user exits, see Chapter 11 of the Programmer's Guide to the Oracle Precompilers.
Note: The sample code listed is for a Oracle*Forms user exit and is not intended to be compiled in the same manner as the other sample programs listed in this chapter.
INTEGER FUNCTION CONCAT (CMD,CMDL,ERR,ERRL,INQRY)
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
LOGICAL*1 VALUE(81)
LOGICAL*1 FINAL(241)
LOGICAL*1 FIELD(81)
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GO TO 999
LOGICAL*1 CMD(80)
LOGICAL*1 ERR(80)
INTEGER*2 CMDL, ERRL, INQRY
* CERR IS A DYNAMICALLY BUILT ERROR MESSAGE RETURNED
* TO SQL*FORMS.
LOGICAL*1 CERR(80)
* TEMPORARY VARIABLES TO DO STRING MANIPULATIONS.
INTEGER*2 CMDCNT
INTEGER*2 FLDCNT
INTEGER*2 FNLCNT
* INITIALIZE VARIABLES.
DO 1 I = 1, 81
FIELD(I) = ' '
1 VALUE(I) = ' '
DO 2 I = 1, 241
2 FINAL(I) = ' '
FNLCNT = 0
* STRIP CONCAT FROM COMMAND LINE.
CMDCNT = 7
I = 1
* LOOP UNTIL END OF COMMAND LINE.
DO WHILE (CMDCNT .LE. CMDL)
* PARSE EACH FIELD DELIMITED BY A COMMA.
FLDCNT = 0
DO WHILE ((CMD(CMDCNT) .NE. ',').AND.(CMDCNT .LE. CMDL))
FLDCNT = FLDCNT + 1
FIELD(FLDCNT) = CMD(CMDCNT)
CMDCNT = CMDCNT + 1
END DO
IF (CMDCNT .LT. CMDL) THEN
* WE HAVE FIELD1...FIELDN. THESE ARE NAMES OF
* SQL*FORMS FIELDS; GET THE VALUE.
EXEC IAF GET :FIELD INTO :VALUE
* REINITIALIZE FIELD NAME.
DO 20 K = 1, FLDCNT
20 FIELD(K) = ' '
* MOVE VALUE RETRIEVED FROM FIELD TO A CHARACTER
* TO FIND LENGTH.
DO WHILE (VALUE(I) .NE. ' ')
FNLCNT = FNLCNT + 1
FINAL(FNLCNT) = VALUE(I)
I = I + 1
END DO
I = 1
CMDCNT = CMDCNT + 1
ELSE
* WE HAVE RESULT_FIELD; STORE IN SQL*FORMS FIELD.
EXEC IAF PUT :FIELD VALUES (:FINAL)
END IF
END DO
* ALL OK. RETURN SUCCESS CODE.
CONCAT = IAPSUC
RETURN
* ERROR OCCURRED. PREFIX NAME OF USER EXIT TO ORACLE
* ERROR MESSAGE, SET FAILURE RETURN CODE, AND EXIT.
999 CERR(1) = 'C'
CERR(2) = 'O'
CERR(3) = 'N'
CERR(4) = 'C'
CERR(5) = 'A'
CERR(6) = 'T'
CERR(7) = ':'
CERR(8) = ' '
DO 1000 J = 1, 70
CERR(J + 8) = SQLEMC(J)
1000 CONTINUE
ERRL = 78
CALL SQLIEM (CERR, ERRL)
CONCAT = IAPFAI
RETURN
END
This program uses dynamic SQL Method 1 to create a table, insert a row, commit the insert, then drop the table.
PROGRAM DYN1
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL INCLUDE ORACA
EXEC ORACLE OPTION (ORACA=YES)
EXEC ORACLE OPTION (RELEASE_CURSOR=YES)
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
CHARACTER*10 USERNAME
CHARACTER*10 PASSWORD
CHARACTER*80 DYNSTM
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GOTO 9000
ORATXF = 1
USERNAME = 'SCOTT'
PASSWORD = 'TIGER'
EXEC SQL CONNECT :USERNAME IDENTIFIED BY :PASSWORD
PRINT *, 'CONNECTED TO ORACLE.'
PRINT *, 'CREATE TABLE DYN1 (COL1 CHAR(4))'
EXEC SQL EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
1 'CREATE TABLE DYN1 (COL1 CHAR(4))'
DYNSTM = 'INSERT INTO DYN1 VALUES (''TEST'')'
PRINT *, DYNSTM
EXEC SQL EXECUTE IMMEDIATE :DYNSTM
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK
DYNSTM = 'DROP TABLE DYN1'
PRINT *, DYNSTM
EXEC SQL EXECUTE IMMEDIATE :DYNSTM
EXEC SQL COMMIT RELEASE
PRINT *, 'HAVE A GOOD DAY!'
GOTO 9999
9000 PRINT *, '\N-- ORACLE ERROR:'
PRINT '(70A)', SQLEMC
PRINT '(3A, 70A)', 'IN ', ORATXC
PRINT *, 'ON LINE', ORASLN
PRINT '(3A, 70A)', 'OF ', ORAFNC
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
EXEC SQL ROLLBACK RELEASE
9999 CONTINUE
END
This program uses dynamic SQL Method 2 to insert two rows into the EMP table, then delete them.
PROGRAM DYN2
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
CHARACTER*10 USERNAME
CHARACTER*10 PASSWORD
CHARACTER*80 DYNSTM
INTEGER*2 EMPNO
INTEGER*2 DEPTNO1
INTEGER*2 DEPTNO2
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GOTO 9000
USERNAME = 'SCOTT'
PASSWORD = 'TIGER'
EXEC SQL CONNECT :USERNAME IDENTIFIED BY :PASSWORD
PRINT *, 'CONNECTED TO ORACLE.'
DYNSTM = 'INSERT INTO EMP (EMPNO,DEPTNO) VALUES(:V1, :V2)'
PRINT *, DYNSTM
EMPNO = 1234
DEPTNO1 = 97
PRINT *, 'V1 = ', EMPNO
PRINT *, 'V2 = ', DEPTNO1
EXEC SQL PREPARE S FROM :DYNSTM
EXEC SQL EXECUTE S USING :EMPNO, :DEPTNO1
PRINT *, 'INSERT STATEMENT EXECUTED.\N'
EMPNO = EMPNO + 1
DEPTNO2 = 99
PRINT *, 'CHANGED BIND VARIABLES V1 AND V2\NV1 = ', EMPNO
PRINT *, 'V2 = ', DEPTNO2
PRINT *, 'EXECUTING STATEMENT AGAIN WITH NEW BIND ',
+ 'VARIABLES.'
EXEC SQL EXECUTE S USING :EMPNO, :DEPTNO2
PRINT *, 'DONE, NOW DELETING...\N'
DYNSTM =
+ 'DELETE FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO = :V1 OR DEPTNO = :V2'
PRINT *, DYNSTM
PRINT *, 'V1 = ', DEPTNO1
PRINT *, 'V2 = ', DEPTNO2
EXEC SQL PREPARE S FROM :DYNSTM
EXEC SQL EXECUTE S USING :DEPTNO1, :DEPTNO2
EXEC SQL COMMIT RELEASE
PRINT *, 'HAVE A GOOD DAY!'
GOTO 9999
9000 PRINT '(70A1)', SQLEMC
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
EXEC SQL ROLLBACK RELEASE
9999 CONTINUE
END
This program uses dynamic SQL Method 3 to retrieve the names of all employees in a given department from the EMP table.
PROGRAM DYN3
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
CHARACTER*10 USERNAME
CHARACTER*10 PASSWORD
CHARACTER*80 DYNSTM
CHARACTER*10 ENAME
INTEGER*2 DEPTNO
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR GOTO 9000
USERNAME = 'SCOTT'
PASSWORD = 'TIGER'
EXEC SQL CONNECT :USERNAME IDENTIFIED BY :PASSWORD
PRINT *, 'CONNECTED TO ORACLE.\N'
DYNSTM = 'SELECT ENAME FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO = :V1'
PRINT *, DYNSTM
DEPTNO = 10
PRINT *, 'V1 = ', DEPTNO
EXEC SQL PREPARE S FROM :DYNSTM
EXEC SQL DECLARE C CURSOR FOR S
EXEC SQL OPEN C USING :DEPTNO
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO 110
PRINT *, '\NEMPLOYEE NAME\N-------------'
100 EXEC SQL FETCH C INTO :ENAME
PRINT *, ENAME
GOTO 100
110 PRINT *, '\NQUERY RETURNED', SQLERD(3), ' ROWS.'
EXEC SQL CLOSE C
EXEC SQL COMMIT RELEASE
PRINT *, '\NHAVE A GOOD DAY.'
GOTO 9999
9000 PRINT '(70A1)', SQLEMC
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
EXEC SQL CLOSE C
EXEC SQL ROLLBACK RELEASE
9999 CONTINUE
END
Before trying the sample program, you must create a PL/SQL package named calldemo, by running a script named CALLDEMO.SQL, which is supplied with Pro*FORTRAN and shown below. The script can be found in the Pro*FORTRAN demo library. Check your Oracle system-specific documentation for exact spelling of the script.
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE calldemo AS
TYPE name_array IS TABLE OF emp.ename%type
INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
TYPE job_array IS TABLE OF emp.job%type
INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
TYPE sal_array IS TABLE OF emp.sal%type
INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
PROCEDURE get_employees(
dept_number IN number, -- department to query
batch_size IN INTEGER, -- rows at a time
found IN OUT INTEGER, -- rows actually returned
done_fetch OUT INTEGER, -- all done flag
emp_name OUT name_array,
job OUT job_array,
sal OUT sal_array);
END calldemo;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY calldemo AS
CURSOR get_emp (dept_number IN number) IS
SELECT ename, job, sal FROM emp
WHERE deptno = dept_number;
-- Procedure "get_employees" fetches a batch of employee
-- rows (batch size is determined by the client/caller
-- of the procedure). It can be called from other
-- stored procedures or client application programs.
-- The procedure opens the cursor if it is not
-- already open, fetches a batch of rows, and
-- returns the number of rows actually retrieved. At
-- end of fetch, the procedure closes the cursor.
PROCEDURE get_employees(
dept_number IN number,
batch_size IN INTEGER,
found IN OUT INTEGER,
done_fetch OUT INTEGER,
emp_name OUT name_array,
job OUT job_array,
sal OUT sal_array) IS
BEGIN
IF NOT get_emp%ISOPEN THEN -- open the cursor if
OPEN get_emp(dept_number); -- not already open
END IF;
-- Fetch up to "batch_size" rows into PL/SQL table,
-- tallying rows found as they are retrieved. When all
-- rows have been fetched, close the cursor and exit
-- the loop, returning only the last set of rows found.
done_fetch := 0; -- set the done flag FALSE
found := 0;
FOR i IN 1..batch_size LOOP
FETCH get_emp INTO emp_name(i), job(i), sal(i);
IF get_emp%NOTFOUND THEN -- if no row was found
CLOSE get_emp;
done_fetch := 1; -- indicate all done
EXIT;
ELSE
found := found + 1; -- count row
END IF;
END LOOP;
END;
END;
/
The following sample program connects to Oracle, prompts the user for a department number, then calls a PL/SQL procedure named get_employees, which is stored in package calldemo. The procedure declares three PL/SQL tables as OUT formal parameters, then fetches a batch of employee data into the PL/SQL tables. The matching actual parameters are host tables. When the procedure finishes, row values in the PL/SQL tables are automatically assigned to the corresponding elements in the host tables. The program calls the procedure repeatedly, displaying each batch of employee data, until no more data is found.
PROGRAM CALLSP
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
CHARACTER*10 UID
CHARACTER*10 PWD
INTEGER DEPTNO
CHARACTER*10 ENAME(10)
CHARACTER*10 JOB(10)
REAL SAL(10)
INTEGER ENDFLG
INTEGER ARYSIZ
INTEGER NUMRET
INTEGER*4 SQLCOD
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO CALL SQLERR
UID = 'SCOTT'
PWD = 'TIGER'
EXEC SQL CONNECT :UID IDENTIFIED BY :PWD
PRINT *, 'CONNECTED TO ORACLE AS USER ', UID
PRINT *, 'ENTER DEPARTMENT NUMBER: '
READ '(I10)', DEPTNO
* INITIALIZE VARIABLES AND ARRAYS.
ENDFLG = 0
ARYSIZ = 10
NUMRET = 0
DO 4000 I = 1, ARYSIZ
ENAME(I) = ' '
JOB(I) = ' '
SAL(I) = 0
4000 CONTINUE
* DISPLAY HEADER.
PRINT *, 'EMPLOYEE NAME JOB TITLE SALARY\N',
+'------------- --------- ------'
* LOOP, FETCHING AND PRINTING BATCHES UNTIL END-FLAG IS SET.
6000 EXEC SQL EXECUTE
1 BEGIN
2 CALLDEMO.GET_EMPLOYEES (:DEPTNO, :ARYSIZ,
3 :NUMRET, :ENDFLG, :ENAME, :JOB, :SAL);
4 END;
5 END-EXEC
CALL PBATCH (NUMRET, ENAME, JOB, SAL)
IF (ENDFLG .EQ. 0) GOTO 6000
CALL SIGNOFF
END
*********************** SUBROUTINES *********************
* DISPLAY A BATCH OF ROWS.
SUBROUTINE PBATCH (ROWS, ENAME, JOB, SAL)
INTEGER ROWS
CHARACTER*10 ENAME(ROWS)
CHARACTER*10 JOB(ROWS)
REAL SAL(ROWS)
DO 8000 I = 1, ROWS
PRINT '(1X, A10, 5X, A10, 1X, F7.2)', ENAME(I), JOB(I), SAL(I)
8000 CONTINUE
RETURN
END
* LOG OFF ORACLE.
SUBROUTINE SIGNOFF
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
PRINT *, 'HAVE A GOOD DAY.'
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
* HANDLE SQL ERRORS.
SUBROUTINE SQLERR
EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
PRINT *, 'ORACLE ERROR DETECTED:'
PRINT '(70A1)', SQLEMC
EXEC SQL ROLLBACK WORK RELEASE
STOP
END
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